Operation Management BMW X3 Manufacturer in U.S

Question: Dicsuss about theOperation Management for BMW X3 Manufacturer in U.S. Answer: Presentation: Tasks the board is planned for guaranteeing that the creation procedure in an organization is made as productive as conceivable to create merchandise and ventures that address the issues of the clients. In the creation of any item, inputs are fused together make the ideal item. Various thoughts from different experts guarantee that the creation activities are performed adequately. On account of assembling of BMW X3, experts, for example, fashioners and architects articulated their plans to make the decent looking and solid X-arrangement vehicle (BMW Group, 2016). Activities the executives is influenced by different perspectives, for example, arranging, systems, assets, prerequisites and the administration techniques utilized among others (Bianca, 2016). This paper is concentrating on tasks the board, therefore giving its basis and how it has been utilized for achievement of BMW X3 producer in U.S. Advantages of Operations Management in the Company The tasks the executives in BMW fabricating organization in U.S contributed in the turn of events and creation a vehicle that has selective feel and dynamic appearance. The model of BMW X3 has been one of the most grasped structures in the vehicle business. A portion of the highlights that have made this model to be grasped in the market incorporate the twin round head lights that are utilitarian, inside and outside mirrors and the back and front guards. These are among the couple of viewpoints that have added to the restrictiveness of BMW X3. The administration of the X3 creation is BMW Company guaranteed that the markers were made all the more splendid and noticeable. Subsequently, these incorporated highlights made a solid discernment to the market about the eliteness and nature of this X-arrangement model, along these lines boosting its business (BMW Group, 2016). The end clients of items should be given a scope of choices to settle on gainful decisions. Along these lines, the administration selected to make two distinct models of BMW X3 to give an alternative to the client, either diesel or petroleum motor. These motors have likewise differing power yields that guarantee that the clients can pick between these models. In addition, these distinctions make varieties in the value ranges, therefore empowering various people to bear the cost of a BMW X3 vehicle (Mahadevan, 2010). Different enhancements were made to the motors in contrast with its ancestor. One of the advancements incorporated the fuel utilization rate that was decreased by 7.1%. Fuel utilization pace of car it one of the primary factors that influence the buy choices of the purchasers. In this manner, the creation of BMW X3 motor was decreased to draw in more clients in the commercial center contrasted with BMW X2 (BMW Group, 2016). The nature of the items is the primary concentration for the tasks the board of the BMW fabricating organization in the USA. Additionally, wellbeing in the vehicle business has been a need since a portion of the vehicle being creation probably won't be steady for fast drives. In this manner, numerous individuals incline toward vehicles that are solid and stable, along these lines having less odds of causing mishaps. BMW X3 is car that has been created with high dependability, which makes it less powerless against mishaps. Likewise, the vehicle has been fitted with Intelligent Emergency Call that has taken vehicle security to an alternate level. Other drive highlights incorporate iDrive controller focal data show and radio machine to improve correspondence. The entirety of this improvement and advancement has been made conceivable by utilizing serious activity the executives techniques (GmbH, 2016). The turn of events and assembling of BMW X3 were improved by the utilization of best administration abilities that were executed using best operational practices. The best fashioners and specialists were associated with the creation procedure to guarantee that the model obtained the best highlights that could impact clients to buy. After the creation of a few units, the gracefully chain the executives guaranteed that they were moved to various pieces of the world. The coordinations techniques embraced relies upon the goal point. For example, trucks are utilized to convey BMW X3 car(s) to clients who are in the nation (GmbH, 2016). Additionally, other transportation techniques are utilized to ensure that the items are profited in the market (Barnes, 2008). In this way, because of these usage, BMW producing organization has prevailing in its business activities by conveying the BMW X3 vehicle to the end clients. End Taking everything into account, activities the executives is a significant angle to the accomplishment of business since it consolidates various variables to deliver gainful items and administrations. Factors, for example, utilizing serious work force, giving staff preparing and arranging ought to be considered in the creation procedure. These are among the methods that have been utilized in assembling on BMW X3 to fulfill its guideline in the market. References Barnes, D. (2008). Activities the board. London: Thomson. Bianca, A. (2016). Three Factors That Influence a Company's Operational Planning. Smallbusiness.chron.com. Recovered 24 August 2016, from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/three-factors-impact companys-operational-arranging 20754.html BMW Group, (2016). X3 Sports Activity Vehicle | BMW US Factory. Bmwusfactory.com. Recovered 24 August 2016, from https://www.bmwusfactory.com/fabricating/processing plant items/x3-sports-movement vehicle/ GmbH, I. (2016). BMW X3: Start page. Bmw.com. Recovered 24 August 2016, from https://www.bmw.com/com/en/newvehicles/x/x3/2014/showroom/index.html Mahadevan, B. (2010). Tasks the executives. Upper Saddle River: Pearson. Narayana Reddy, P., Appannaiah, H., Sathyaprasad, B. (2010). Business the executives. Mumbai [India]: Himalaya Pub. House.

Hind Swaraj or Indian Home Rule Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rear Swaraj or Indian Home Rule - Essay Example Gandhi puts together his contentions with respect to a few subjects; he contends that it isn't ideal for the Englishmen to leave India, just for the Indians to embrace their British culture, contending that, Indians would lean toward an English standard without Englishmen. On Indian autonomy, Gandhi contends that Indian freedom was fruitful because of aloof obstruction. He likewise contends that confidence is a crucial device, which can be used by the Indians, in that, the British must stick to the Indians requests in the event that they want any sort of arrangement. What's more, Gandhi contends that India must reject the western development on the off chance that it longs for opportunity. What is Gandhi’s primary target? Gandhi, in his own words says, â€Å"It is my obligation quietly to attempt to expel your prejudice† (Gandhi p7, ch1). Gandhi’s primary goal was to liberate India from the control of the British Empire. The title of Gandhi book, Swaraj implies s elf administration; here, Gandhi’s center was around enabling Indians to dispose of the British financial, political, legitimate, and social lifestyle. Gandhi had faith in a universe of harmony and agreement, liberated from any imperialism; however one is self supported and equipped for dealing with its issues. What are Gandhi’s political and social positions? As indicated by Hind Swaraj (p5 ch1), as the editorial manager, Gandhi discloses to the peruser on the longing for home principle by contending that, home guideline is like self standard, asserting that the British ought leave the nation, however they ought to likewise not abandon their British style, just to be received by the Indians. He further discloses to the peruser that the British wanted home principle for India, guaranteeing that, the Englishmen were not sick and the Indians needed to help out them so as to accomplish home guideline sooner, subsequently getting free. Besides, Gandhi contends on Indianâ⠂¬â„¢s freedom, which would just be accomplished through inactive obstruction, demanding that the greatness of affection and pity is higher that that of guns. He clarifies that the utilization of severity is hurtful, however not in the utilization of pity. As per Gandhi (p10 CH2), swadeshi or confidence, can be practiced by the Indians with a point of declining all exchange dealings with the British, if the British don't fulfill their needs. He further portrays parcel as an enlivening call, which makes an impression on the British that the Indian’s have the will from unrests, implying that they are unhappy. Gandhi keeps on argueing that, India needs to dismiss the western human advancement so as to be free, guaranteeing that western progress isn't just unfit for India, yet it is undesirable also. Gandhi (p14 ch4) condemns the British parliament as a sterile lady or a whore, one whose individuals are worried about their forces than the government assistance of general society. Gandhi puts together his contentions with respect to truth and peacefulness. Critically, his political perspectives likewise pointed at the counteraction of grouping of political force in the hands of not many people; he favored that political force be circulated to many, in this way embracing a law based nature. Financial force ought to likewise be in the hands of many contrasted with not many so as to guarantee that opposition and abuse are limited. At the point when creation depends on need as opposed to insatiability, neediness can be annihilated; Indians would likewise understand the respect of work, which improves efficiency. Gandhi likewise demands confidence by Indians in their towns, religion and the country on the loose. The

How To Save Money on Back to School Supplies

How To Save Money on Back to School Supplies How To Save Money on Back to School Supplies How To Save Money on Back to School SuppliesTake stock, wait till youve got your shopping list, and become a master deal seeker to stretch your school supplies budget as far as it can go!It’s that time of year that so many kids dread: back to school! And while it can be nice to get your kids out of the house and back to the classroom, your wallet might be feeling a similar sense of dread. There are so many school supplies you’ll need to buy!Depending on your budget, you might even have to take out a personal loan to afford everything. Or worse: You might have to take out a series of high-interest no credit check loans like payday loans or cash advances. Youll do anything for your kids after all, and you don’t want them your kids falling behind just because they don’t have the right kinds of pencils.Waitâ€"do they still need a certain kind of pencil? Do they even need pencils at all anymore? Can you just get all of your back to school shopping done on the app store?No, you can not. But fear not! For we spoke to the experts to find out how you can stock up on school supplies without depleting your bank account. Look at what you’ve already got.Slow down! Don’t hit the store just yet. First, you should take stock of what you already have.“See what you can reuse,” advised Robyn, creator of the personal finance blog  A Dime Saved. “Not everything needs to be new every year. Go through last years supplies and see what can be used, passed down, and what needs to be replaced.”Katie Ross, Education and Development Manager at American Consumer Credit Counseling  offered similar advice: “Shop your closet. Before you start your back-to-school shopping, make a list of inventory and supplies you already own and might be able to reuse for the new school year.Although your childs school may issue a shopping list, you dont need to buy every single item on it. In fact, you can even contact your school or homeroom teacher to ask what items are critical in the first month so you have a financial cushion.”And speaking of that shopping list…Wait for the list, then plan.Although it might be tempting to get your back to school shopping out of the way as early as possible, you don’t want to accidentally buy something your children don’t actually need.“Plan before you shop,” advised Robyn. “Make sure you have your school supply lists along with an idea of what items you already have so you dont end up overbuying. If you have multiple kids that need the same items, you may be able to split value packs as well, so make sure to have an idea of what each child needs BEFORE you shop.”But you should also remember that list isn’t written in stone. Unless it is written in stone, in which case you should probably follow it precisely since that must have taken a lot of effort to carve. But more than likely, you’ll be able to take some of Associate Director of Relationship Development at Centerpoint Advisors  Ashley Agnew’s advice t o heart:“Ok, teachers might not like this one, but only buy the absolute necessities to get through the first two weeks. Your student should have an idea of what they will really need after a couple of weeks with their new teachers, and will most likely be given a few more items to shop for once they receive the overview of their curriculum causing another trip to the store anyhow.”Become a master deal seeker.Once you know exactly what you’ll have to buy, it’s time to become a student yourself A student of deals, that is!“First and foremost, do not underestimate your local dollar discount store,” Agnew told us. “Especially for younger children who tend to lose, break, and ‘share’ their supplies, big bucks can be saved by purchasing generic brand markers, pencils, pens, crayons, etc. The dollar store can also be a good resource if your classroom is requesting items such as cleaning supplies and hand sanitizers which can be pricey elsewhere.”She also suggested you get to know your credit cards and state tax system well: “Check your cash back deals on debit and credit cards. Many offer discounts of up to 10 percent at common superstores. Also waiting for your state’s tax-free weekend (if available) may be hectic but worth the savings.”And you can do some of the shopping without ever leaving your house!“Shop online and shop early,” recommended Robyn. “Many stores have back-to-school deals on certain items already. Quickly glance through some deal sites and store ads to see which items are on sale and stock up on the basics- pens, notebooks etc. Look online for coupons and take advantage of cashback apps. These little savings can add up in a big way!”Be discerning about where you spend a little more money.Kids don’t always understand how money works, so you may need to explain to them that they can’t always get that when it comes to back to school shopping.“Your kids may want to impress their classmates with the latest gear, but that doesnt mean you should get into consumer debt as a result,” advised Ross. “One thing here or there may be okay, but being practical is key. Avoid fancy supplies that you dont need and buy store brand if possible.”But there is one item you may want to consider putting a little more money into.“Buy a great backpack,” suggested Agnew. “Buying a good backpack that will last a few years will save you some bucks in the long run, especially if it comes with a warranty like L.L.Bean. Better backpacks tend to have more support, stronger straps and zippers and can double for sports and travel. Instead, let your littles choose a new lunch box every year. These are more than half the price, and after months of spilled juice, forgotten fruits, and molten fruit snacks, you might be happy to retire last year’s version.”Do you hear that? It’s the sound of the school bus pulling up! Thankfully the kids have everything they need, and your wallet wasn’t hit too hard!If yo u do find yourself needing to take out a bad credit loan to pay for school costs, skip the short-term payday and title loans in favor of a long-term installment loan with lower rates and more affordable payments. And to make sure you wont need any  loans next year, you can  learn more about saving money with these related posts from OppLoans:4 Simple Ways to Save Money on Your Grocery Billâ€"While Still Eating Healthy!The DO’s and DO NOT’s of Saving For College8 Ways To Save Money Today, Tomorrow and Every Day AfterWhat are your best tips for saving money on school supplies? We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.ContributorsAshley Agnew creates value in investment management by helping clients have a better relationship with their wealth. At  Centerpoint Advisors, she facilitates financial coaching programs providing emotional and educational preparation for the next generations. These include financial coaching and literacy seminars, college savi ngs and retirement product research, and family round-table facilitation and moderation. She holds her B.S. in Marketing with a minor in communications writing from the University of Massachusetts as well as an MBA in global finance from Bryant University. In addition to her work at Centerpoint, she is also the Marketing Chair on the Board of Directors for XPX New England, an organization focused on business growth and transfer.Robyn is a mother and someone who feels passionately about helping people with their finances. She has taken her personal experience, advice she was given, things she has learned on her own and in her MBA studies and tries to share what she feels is important financially on her blog,  A Dime Saved  (@adimesaved).Katie Ross, joined the  American Consumer Credit Counseling, or ACCC, management team in 2002 and is currently responsible for organizing and implementing high-performance development initiatives designed to increase consumer financial awareness. Ms. Ross’s main focus is to conceptualize the creative strategic programming for ACCC’s client base and national base to ensure a maximum level of educational programs that support and cultivate ACCC’s organization.

South Africas Aids Crisis and Solution - 990 Words

The West and The World South Africa’s AIDS Crisis and Solution When visiting South Africa, I was intrigued at the beauty of the country, but was also curious as to how the country was dealing with one of Africa’s largest problems, AIDS/HIV. With the AIDS epidemic having started over 25 years ago, the disease continues to affect the population of Africa, especially South Africa, the nation with 5.6 million people living with HIV, the most in the world. Much of South Africa’s history of struggle with the virus is attributed to misinformation given by Thabo Mbeki, a former president, who â€Å"questioned the link between HIV and AIDS† and his former health minister who misled the nation with ideas that the virus could be treated with â€Å"beets and†¦show more content†¦Dr. Kay Mohamed, a doctor at Themba Lethu clinic, exemplified the reality of treatment in today’s world when he stated, â€Å"Now, you can’t not get better. It’s just one of these win -win situations. You test, you treat, and you get better, end of story† (Lubock 9). It is clear that South Africa’s changes in treatment and attitude of HIV/AIDS has moved the nation forward as a whole. Although there has been much progress made, â€Å"About 3.5 million South Africans still are not getting therapy, and many wait to long to come in to clinics or don’t stay on the drugs† (Lubock 17). Improvements on clinics will continue to be made throughout the country and the new â€Å"three-in-one† treatment tablet should prove effective within the next year for more modern and cost effective treatment and prevention for pregnant mothers. World AIDS Day has proved to be a powerful day for the future of South Africa as a nation. Works Cited Lubock Avalanche Journal: World AIDS Day 2012: South Africa makes progress in HIV/AIDS fight. 1 December 2012. http://lubbockonline.com/filed-online/2012-12-01/world-aids-day-2012-south-africa-makes-progress-hivaids-fight#.Ulq2YuRLWSo Thom, Anso. South Africa: Finally, South Africa Announces Single Pill for HIV. AllAfricaNews.com. 29 November 2012. UNICEF: On World AIDS Day, More Pregnant Women and Children Must Get Treatment. November 28, 2012Show MoreRelatedProblems Faced By The European Economy1191 Words   |  5 Pagesreasons for it are uncertain. This statement applies to many places in the world. As an example, Russia is currently experiencing major economic decline because of one even that had happened a few years ago. On the other side of the world, Africa, with it’s raised hopes starts to experience a rapid decline in its economy too. Africa’s challenges were not created because of an event, there simply isn’t enough demand for Africa’s commodities. The European economy is growing, however, so slowly that itRead MoreWhy Is Boko Haram?1625 Words   |  7 Pagesterrorist operations of Boko Haram have shattered the hope that peace is returning to Africa’s most populous country any time soon (â€Å"Boko Haram†). 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Literature Review Of Body Worn Cameras - 843 Words

Literature Review Theoretical Applications and Empirical Support Theoretical and empirical research suggests that body-worn cameras have the potential to impact the issues revolving around law enforcement legitimacy and distrust by providing a measure of accountability and introducing an objective viewpoint that makes law enforcement more transparent to the public on the wearing of body worn cameras or BWC’s. The theories that will be discussed will be the Deterrence Theory, Routine Activities Theory, Objective Self-Awareness Theory and Situational Crime Prevention Theory. These theories will be framed by defining the theory and then discussing how body-worn cameras impact the behavior of officers and citizens. Following the discussion†¦show more content†¦The specific deterrent measures are in place so when an officer or citizen encounter each other both parties are aware of the officer is wearing a BWC. General deterrence is addressed as long as the department is transparent in its use of BWCs. Most of the time, the police-community relations are publicized. Departments can combat some of the negative publicity presented in the media by publicizing the objective BWC footage relaying a message to would-be offenders, whether officers or citizens, of the presence of BWCs use within the department. The knowledge of BWC would impact the would-be offenders’ understanding that their actions will be captured regardless of what events occurring during the police-citizen encounter and this would deter their actions to engage in criminal activities. Finally, the three cornerstones of deterrence are celerity, certainty, and severity have the potential to be impacted with BWC being used. The impact on officers, their conduct is susceptible of being captured by the BWC, ensuring the certainty that any officer misconduct will be caught during recording. The officer’s ability to make a post-hoc justifications for any misconduct is reduced since the recording is objective and enhances the fact-finder’s ability to set any types sanctions with an appropriate level of severity. Providing the instantaneous objective viewpoint of an incident in question, the BWCs haveShow MoreRelatedThe Violence Of Police Brutality Essay1126 Words   |  5 Pagesactions. In recent years Police departments have introduced the use of police body cameras. Body cameras increases the accountability and transparency of the officer and citizen. Body cameras will serve as a preventive method by reassuring the citizen and officer they are being monitored, which will also help them to be more cautious of their actions. They will also reduce the complaints by a significant amount. 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Poverty and Homelessness - 1942 Words

Poverty and homelessness are serious issues in the U.S. today, especially because of the current recession, with levels of poverty and unemployment higher than at any time since the 1930s. Blacks and Hispanics are being affected disproportionately by homelessness, as well as poverty and unemployment in American society. This is just another example of the racial caste system and institutional racism that goes far beyond that of social class, and has always been the case in recessions and indeed with every other social and economic problem in American history. Even though the country elected a black president in 2008, wealth and incomes for minority groups, which were already far lower than whites, have been in severe decline for the past few years (Baumann 2001). Compared to the trillions of dollars in federal assistance that has been extended to the large financial institutions from TARP and the Federal Reserve, programs to aid the poor and homeless have been very inadequate, and ar e even being cut back on the local, state and federal levels. The poor and homeless also need a program of universal health care coverage, which the U.S. has never had in its history, and like most programs to assist those at the lowest end on the social scale has often been limited or blocked by conservative interests. 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In January of 2013 the count of people identified as homeless was larger than 600,000 (Segal, Gerdes, Sue, 2016). Many factors go into what makes this population so large, however this paper will focus on how much race plays a role in homelessness and poverty. Systems (Ecological) Theory Systems theory is a perspective that places emphasis on understanding how people fit into their environments (Segal, Gerdes, Sue, 2016)Read MorePoverty and Homelessness1143 Words   |  5 PagesAmanda Germain Mrs. Leeker ENG111 2/25/14 Poverty and Homelessness: An Annotated Bibliography. â€Å"Black Parents Demand ‘World-Class’ Education, Too.† Washington Informer. 20. Mar 2013. ProQuest. Web. 15 Feb. 2014. In the article ‘World-Class Education’, it said that education need to be affordable for the community of African American. Some African American children are dropout which had damaged the community. Without education, the middle class people wouldRead MorePoverty, Hunger, And Homelessness971 Words   |  4 PagesPoverty, hunger, and homelessness in America are much more common despite being the wealthiest nation in the world. Poverty is well-defined as having inadequate income to provide the food, shelter and clothing needed to preserve good health. Hunger is quite simply not knowing where your next meal will be coming from, to a certain extent simply being food insecure. Homelessness is homeless who are most often unable to acquire and maintain regular, safe, secure, and adequate housing. To live belowRead MoreThe Problem Of Poverty And Homelessness1604 Words   |  7 Pagesissue of poverty and homelessness in America. In fact, a study taken in 2015 gathered that wi th more interaction and willingness to help the homeless, the more empathy and compassion is gained for them, later resulting in a larger contribution from society creating a social change. I obtained this information based on a survey taken by Lindsay Phillips, a physiologist, that took it upon herself to ask working, undergraduate college students to describe their perceptions of homelessness, willingnessRead MoreHomelessness and the Cycle of Poverty717 Words   |  3 Pagespassed on to their children. Reported by Barbara Ehrenreich, an author with many books on the subject of homelessness in America, â€Å"Catholic Charities saw a spike of domestic violence... attributed to the unemployment and overcrowding.† (325)ï€  Ã¯â‚¬  Not having the funds to support oneself and one’s family causes stress and tension while otherwise might not have been there. Sadly homelessness and poverty have and will always go hand in hand. Many people due to financial hardships have to relocate constantlyRead MoreThe Problem Of Poverty And Homelessness956 Words   |  4 Pagestransportation and I see a person who is homeless I do one of two things: 1) Avoid eye contact and act as if they don’t exist or 2) I give them some extra food or my loose change. Poverty is something that most people tend to ignore, or act like someone else is there to fix it. This image critically argues that poverty and/or homelessness isn’t something that can be fixed with some coins it requires an actual change. This image makes this argument with its size and color, play on words that targets a specificRead MoreA Survey On Homelessness And Poverty1404 Words   |  6 Pagespoint in time by a survey provided by the National Alliance to End Homelessness, an estimated 740000 individuals are experiencing homelessness at any particular time in America (Aratani). Additionally, an approximated 3.5 million individuals are at risk of e xperiencing temporary homelessness at a certain point in a particular year with some 1.35 million children based on the report by the National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty (Aratani). In 2005, 50 percent of the cities in the US were surveyedRead MoreThe Problem Of Poverty Of Homelessness950 Words   |  4 PagesPoverty WHAT I ALREADY KNOW/WHY THIS TOPIC Down my building street, a homeless lives there. I always wonder what brought him here. What was his previous occupation before living down the street and annoying everyone else. Questions started to rise. Are they really homeless? poor? or faking it up to attract people’s attention? I had an experience that made these questions rise weirdly. One day, I was sitting in Starbucks, located in Cary street beside Chili’s and I saw the homeless that howl besideRead MoreHomelessness : Difficulty Escaping Poverty1321 Words   |  6 PagesArjan Singh Mrs. Woolcock English IV-CP May 19 2016 Homelessness: Difficulty Escaping Poverty A homeless person is someone who lacks housing, including an individual who lives in a supervised public or private facility (What Is the Official Definition of Homelessness?). Being homeless means not having a place to call home, not having a stable income. It is not just individuals that can be homeless. There are millions of families living in poverty and on the streets all around the world, contrary to

Free Media Violences Cartoon Violence and V Essay Example For Students

Free Media Violences: Cartoon Violence and V Essay iolent Children Media Argumentative Persuasive Essays Cartoon Violence and Violent Children With the recent increase in violent crimes committed by children, adults have been looking for answers to what causes children to commit these acts. Researchers have performed formal studies, and other approaches have been taken to answer the question. Their ideas and perceptions have strayed far and wide, looking for a suitable answer; one such answer of the many they have uncovered is television, but especially television geared towards children: cartoons and animation. In recent years, animation has taken a more openly violent twist during the same time period that the unique and varied forms of Japanese animation have come to America; both have raised many parents eyebrows as articles and media coverage portray both, but especially Japanese animation, in a harsh and unfair light, depicting all series and movies as violent and only fit for mature audiences. The adults perception of animation varies greatly from the childrens perception, as many factors, such as media depictions, p ersonal opinions, and even the standards of cultures, come into play on the decision of what is suitable for younger viewers. While it is not the first medium ever to reproduce violence for entertainment, television has certainly been the most notorious. However, television stations do not air violence because they want to. They air it because that is what sells. The blame is upon ourselves for the large volume of violence, since they are merely responding to what we want (Kim). This love for violence has filtered into nearly every television show aired currently. Virtually every television station airs shows, either live action or animated, that involve the characters fighting, arguing, or just acting in a malevolent way towards something or somebody else. The news always carries stories of what crimes have been committed during the day, daytime talk shows and soap operas often involve fighting and conflict, and even childrens television is starting to take a more serious, mature twist in its presentations. Shows such as the live action series Mighty Morphin Power Rangers have been called into question because of the numerous fight scenes and injuries that they depict; however, Power Rangers is one show that does provide a message to children at the end, informing them that the fighting is not real and that they should not imitate the Power Rangers. Despite this warning, children do imitate their heroes, hoping to emulate them and be able to stand as strong and powerful as they do. Parents see the television as a babysitter of sorts and let their children sit in front of it, absorbing everything they see mindlessly, while the parents do chores or work they must complete that involves not having their children distract them. This is when children receive the full force of the violence in television; studies conducted have shown that children either imitate their heroes or let the actions of these heroes influence their later, more aggressive actions. A study conducted by Albert Bandura with several groups of children, each watching a different form of violence, agrees with this and suggests that the type of violence a child performs is shaped by the type that he or she sees on television; a person displaying violence on film is as influential as one displaying it in real life. televised models are important sources of social behavior (Bandura, 126). Television has a strong influence on children from a young age, especially if adults give them many opportunities to watch and do not step in to remind their children that this is all fantasy, or to change the channel should the material be entirely too violent for childrens eyes. .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4 , .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4 .postImageUrl , .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4 , .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4:hover , .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4:visited , .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4:active { border:0!important; } .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4:active , .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4 .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u555be1b805c6e247251fa92ebac5c6e4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Performance Enhancing Drugs Essay Cartoons in America, generally aimed at children, also form a surprisingly large source of violence. Recently, more and more cartoons with violent themes have been released, but violence in animation has been around for decades. Perhaps the best-known examples of such violence are in the short Warner Brothers Looney Tunes cartoons, those that star Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, and Wile E. Coyote. These cartoons generally portray Bugs Bunny as the protagonist, finding quick and witty ways to save .

Problem Set Seven Solutions free essay sample

Two car manufacturers, Saab and Volvo, have fixed costs of $1 billion and constant marginal costs of $10,000 per car. If Saab produces 50,000 cars per year and Volvo produces 200,000, calculate the average fixed cost and average total cost for each company. On the basis of these costs, which company’s market share should grow in relative terms? Answer: Average total cost is average fixed cost plus marginal cost: ATC = FC/Q + MC. Volvo’s average fixed cost $1 billion/200,000 = 5,000 is much less than Saab’s average fixed cost $1 billion/50,000 = 20,000 due to producing more cars. Volvo’s average production cost $15,000 is lower than Saab’s of $30,000 by the difference in average fixed costs. Volvo’s market share should grow relative to Saab’s. 6. What is the socially desirable price for a natural monopoly to charge? Why will a natural monopoly that attempts to charge the socially optimal price invariably suffer an economic loss? Answer: The socially desirable price to charge is the one at which the marginal benefit to consumers equals the marginal cost of production. We will write a custom essay sample on Problem Set Seven Solutions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, natural monopolies usually have very large fixed costs and relatively low marginal costs. The high fixed costs mean that average cost is greater than marginal cost, so that charging a price equal to marginal cost implies economic losses. 8. Suppose that Aggieland Cinema is a local monopoly whose demand curve for regular adult tickets on Saturday night is P = 12 2Q, where P is the price of a ticket in dollars and Q is the number of tickets sold in hundreds.   The demand for student tickets on Sunday afternoon is P = 8 3Q, and for regular adult tickets on Sunday afternoon, P = 10 4Q. On both Saturday night and Sunday afternoon, the marginal cost of an additional patron, student or not, is $2. What is the marginal revenue curve in each of the three markets? Answer: The marginal revenue curves are MR = 12 4Q adult Saturday night, MR = 8 6Q student Sunday afternoon, and MR = 10 8Q adult Sunday afternoon. b. What price should the cinema charge in each of the three markets to maximize profits? Answer: The cinema should pick quantity to set marginal revenue equal to marginal cost in each market and then set price for that quantity based on the demand curve for each market: 12 4Q = 2 yields Q = 250, so P = 12 2Q = 12 5 = $7 for regular adults on Saturday night. 6Q = 2 yields Q = 100, so P = 8 3Q = 8 3 = $5 for students on Sunday afternoon. 10 8Q = 2 yields Q = 100, so P = 10 4Q = 10 4 = $6 for regular adults on Sunday afternoon. 9. Suppose you are a monopolist in the market for a specific video game. Your demand curve is given by P = 80 Q/2, and your marginal cost curve is MC = Q. Your fixed costs equal $400. a. Graph the demand and marginal cost curve. b. Derive and graph (above) the marginal revenue curve. Answer: MR = 80 Q graphed above. c. Calculate and indicate on the graph the equilibrium price and quantity. Answer: Pick quantity to set marginal revenue equal to marginal cost: 80 Q = Q so Q = 40. Set price for that quantity based on the demand curve P = 80 Q/2 = 80 40/2 = 80 20 = 60. d. What is your profit? Answer: Total revenue is price times quantity TR = PQ = (60)(40) = 2400. Total cost is fixed cost plus average marginal cost times quantity TC = 400 + (40)(40)/2 = 400 + 800 = 1200. Profit = total revenue total cost = 2400 1200 = 1200. e. What is the level of consumer surplus? Answer: Consumer surplus is (1/2)(80 60)(40) = 400. 10. Beth is a second-grader who sells lemonade on a street corner in your neighborhood. Each cup of lemonade costs Beth 20 cents to produce; she has no fixed costs. The reservation prices for the 10 people who walk by Beth’s lemonade stand each hour are listed in the table below. Beth knows the distribution of reservation prices (that is, she knows one person is willing to pay $1. 00, another $0. 90, and so on), but does not know any specific individual’s reservation price. a. Calculate the marginal revenue of selling an additional cup of lemonade. Start by figuring out the price Beth would charge if she produced only one cup of lemonade, and calculate the total revenue; then find the price she would charge if she sold two cups of lemonade; and so on. ) Person Reservation price Quantity in cups Total revenue Marginal revenue A B C D E F G H I J $1. 00 $0. 90 $0. 80 $0. 70 $0. 60 $0. 50 $0. 40 $0. 30 $0. 20 $0. 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 $1. 00 $1. 80 $2. 40 $2. 80 $3. 00 $3. 00 $2. 80 $2. 40 $1. 80 $1. 00 $1. 00 $0. 80 $0. 60 $0. 40 $0. 20 $0 -$0. 20 -$0. 40 -$0. 60 -$0. 80 b. What is Beth’s profit-maximizing price and quantity? Answer: MR = MC at a price of $0. 60 and a quantity of 5 cups. c. At that price, what are Beth’s economic profit and total consumer surplus? Answer: Profit = (P MC) Q = (0. 60 0. 20) 5 = $2. Consumer surplus is reservation price minus actual price for each cup sold: ($1. 00 $0. 60) + ($0. 90 $0. 60) + ($0. 80 $0. 60) + ($0. 70 $0. 60) = $1. d. What price should Beth charge if she wants to maximize total economic surplus? What quantity would she sell? How much would total economic surplus be? Answer: She should set P = MC = $0. 20. Nine (or eight) cups of lemonade would be sold. Total economic surplus is reservation price minus marginal cost for each cup sold: ($1. 00 $0. 20) + ($0. 90 $0. 20) + ($0. 80 $0. 20) + ($0. 70 $0. 20) + ($0. 60 $0. 20) + ($0. 50 $0. 20) + ($0. 40 $0. 20) + ($0. 30 $0. 20) = $3. 60. e. Now suppose Beth can tell the reservation price of each person. What price would she charge each person if she wanted to maximize profit? Compare her profit to the total surplus calculated in part d. Answer: She would charge persons A through I (but not J) their respective reservation prices. Doing so would earn a profit of $3. 60, which is the same as the total economic surplus in part d.

Gradualism vs. Punctuated Equilibrium

Gradualism vs. Punctuated Equilibrium Evolution takes a very long time to become visible. Generation after generation can come and go before any changes in a species are observed. There is some debate in the scientific community as to how quickly evolution occurs. The two generally accepted ideas for rates of evolution are called gradualism and punctuated equilibrium. Gradualism Based on geology and the findings of James Hutton and Charles Lyell, gradualism states that large changes are actually the culmination very small changes that build up over time. Scientists have found evidence of gradualism in  geologic processes, which the  Prince Edward Island Department of education  describes as the ...processes at work in the earths landforms and surfaces. The mechanisms involved, weathering, erosion, and plate tectonics, combine processes that are in some respects destructive and in others constructive. Geologic processes are long, slow changes that occur over thousands or even millions of years. When Charles Darwin first began formulating his theory of evolution, he adopted this idea. The fossil record is evidence that supports this view. There are many transitional fossils that show structural adaptations of species as they transform into new species. Proponents of gradualism say that the geologic time scale helps show how species have changed over the different eras since life began on Earth. Punctuated Equilibrium Punctuated equilibrium, by contrast, is based on the idea that since you cannot see changes in a species, there must be very long periods when no changes occur. Punctuated equilibrium asserts that evolution occurs in short bursts followed long periods of equilibrium.  Put another way, long periods of equilibrium (no change) are punctuated by short periods of rapid change. Proponents of punctuated equilibrium included such scientists as  William Bateson, a strong opponent of Darwins views,  who argued that species do not evolve gradually. This camp of scientists believes that change happens very rapidly with long periods of stability and no change in between. Usually, the driving force of evolution is some sort of change in the environment that necessitates a need for quick change, they argue. Fossils Key to Both Views Strangely enough, scientists in both camps cite the fossil record as evidence to support their views. Proponents of punctuated equilibrium point out that there are many  missing links  in the fossil record. If gradualism is the correct model for the rate of evolution, they argue, there should be fossil records that show evidence of slow, gradual change. Those links never really existed, to begin with, say the proponents of punctuated equilibrium, so that removes the issue of missing links in evolution. Darwin also pointed to fossil evidence that showed slight changes in the body structure of the species over time, often leading to  vestigial structures. Of course, the fossil record is incomplete, leading to the problem of the missing links. Currently, neither hypothesis is considered more accurate. More evidence will be needed before gradualism or punctuated equilibrium is declared the actual mechanism for the rate of evolution.

Eculturation and Cognition of Children Research Paper

Eculturation and Cognition of Children - Research Paper Example Learning of culture in any community or society takes place at an early stage when a child is born and may continue throughout the lifetime of the individual. Therefore, the aspect of learning and using key aspects of a particular culture constitute a process to an individual, which anthropologists have termed as enculturation. Therefore, this research paper will explore the concept of enculturation and how it impact or influence the cognition process of children. Research methodology to be utilized will largely constitute qualitative research techniques. Secondary data will be relied upon in generating useful information for this study and reliable library books, electronic books, journals and useful websites will be utilized. Enculturation and Cognition of Children Talcott Parsons, one of the credited scholars in the field of sociology is remembered for noting that new generation of children being born are as a result of a process known as ‘recurrent barbarian invasionâ€℠¢ (Grunlan and Mayers,1988, p.77). The scholar went ahead to explain this concept by stating that children being born into this world do not have culture of their own. ... As they enter the world, the children slowly are expected to live and cope within the different cultural context they find themselves in and to do this they require to adopt certain and specific cultural aspects. Therefore, such children have to go through a process of acquiring these cultural aspects and it is this process anthropologists have termed as enculturation while sociologists have termed it as socialization (Grunlan and Mayers, 1988). What is enculturation? The concept of enculturation was originated by an anthropologist known as J.M. Herskovits. In a scholarly work published in 1948 and titled ‘Man and his Works, the Science of Cultural Anthropology’, Herskovits defines and describes enculturation as â€Å"the aspects of the learning experience that mark off man from other creatures and by means of which he believes competence in his culture† (cited in Somani and University of Maryland, 2008, p.15). Herskovits went further to expound on this definition by stating that, enculturation constitute a process that is characterized by conscious and unconscious conditioning that is carried out by any particular society’s set customs limits. As this process takes place, Herskovits observes that apart from achieving all adjustments to social living, there is also derivation of all kinds of satisfaction that constitute part of social experiences and in most cases are achieved from individual expression and not from association with others in the group (Somani and University of Maryland, 2008). As a procedure, Herskovits contend that all individuals in one way or the other have to go through the process of enculturation in order for such individuals to fit well and become members of any particular society. According to the writer, the

Research about Saudi Arabia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Research about Saudi Arabia - Essay Example The regime uses security forces and the military to crack down on protesters (Amnesty International on human Rights web). According to the International Crisis Group, Saudi Arabia is a troubled place coupled with militant activities. Execution of innocent civilians is the order of the day and the same usually go unreported. The Shiite group, which is the minority group, has been economically displaced in their own country (web). The U.S department of State has echoed the same sentiments about Saudi Arabia. Although many issues mentioned by U.S department of State talk about conflicts, the most discussed issues about Saudi Arabia are political and socio-economic issues (U.S department of State web). Internally Displaced Monitoring Center (web) presents valuable information regarding Saudi Arabia social issues relating to internal displacement. It is claimed that the number of internally displaced citizens is increasing and more aid has been directed towards efforts to sustain the internally displaced persons. With all these conflicts, social, and political issues going on, a viable solution needs to be put in place. Amnesty International. â€Å"Saudi Arabia†. 2012. Web, 5 March, 2012.

Risk Assessment and Risk Management

Risk Assessment and Risk Management Assessment 4 Risk Management In the world of business, risk is always associated regardless of how small or big your business is. It is essential to have an excellent management plan to protect the entities reputation and assets. To create a good management plan a risk management process, is a process that aides risk managers to set up priorities and assists in ensuring comprehensive management efforts, is being utilized. Risk management process is composed of six steps namely: Determine the objectives of the organisation Identifying exposure to loss Measure those same exposure Select alternatives Implement a solution Monitor and review the outcomes These steps are essential in drafting a good management plan to further understand these steps this paper will expound its application and its advantages to the enterprise. Determine the objectives of the organisation Each organization has its own and unique objectives. These objectives are the reason a company is being established and also guides them for future development. To be able to identify a risk in an enterprise a thorough understanding of the entities objective should be done by the risk managers. If risk managers completely understood the organisations objectives it will enable them to classify threats and opportunities the enterprise will face in the future and can create solutions or prevent risk associated with an organisations future actions. An example will be a company’s objective is to be globally competitive the risk managers will create a plan that will help the organisation achieve its objectives but prevent the risk associated with it like policies and laws of other country or the consumer needs for the product and service. Identifying exposure to loss Loss exposures include loss of financial assets, physical property, human loss and loss of good will. These are the risk that a risk manager might identify when assessing possible risk of the company. These losses can be prevented if proper risk identification is done before any untoward event occurs. Loss of financial assets is usually due to liability judgement, non-compliance and lawsuits. Loss of physical property can be because of bad investment, land ownership problems and natural disasters that may damage the property. Human loss is related to death, injury or resignation of employees that can affect the operations of the company. Reputation is very important for a company to function if consumers trust an organisations services and products this will increase their reputation but otherwise it can lead to loss of good will. Measure those same exposures An organisation not only needs to identify the risk or loss but as well as measure the impact of those risks to the organisation. These can be achieve by using different tools is assessing risk for example a client complain and satisfaction survey reports. This survey will help risk managers identify the areas where in they need modifications and improvement let as say in the survey patients complained that the nurses are rude therefore the managers should assess the employees in that department and try to do necessary adjustments to increase client satisfaction at the same time prevent human loss. Another one is incident reports these are usually a common tool used to identify risk it is a report made by employees that includes events that occur beyond the normal daily operations. Others are genetic occurrence screening, employee compensation claims data, contact leases and agreements and informal discussion with managers and staff these can be used to determine the risk and its eff ect on the organisations operation. Select alternatives As stated earlier risk is inevitable in handling these risk a risk manager uses risk treatment strategies categorized into two which is risk control and risk financing. Risk control is preventing losses and justifying the effects of losses. It is composed of three techniques which are exposure avoidance, loss prevention and segregation of loss exposure. Exposure avoidance is the reduction of loss to zero if focuses on the eradication of the possibility of loss to occur. It is used when a potential risk can be critical threat to the organization and there is no way to reduce or transfer those risks. Loss prevention gives emphasis on the possibility of an occurrence of an event and reduction of loss by educating staff and reviewing of policies and procedures. Loss reduction reducing the severity of loss an example is having fire drills, alarm system and immediate incident investigation to an event. Segregation of loss exposure this is distribution of assets like supplies to different d epartment to prevent loss for example in the first floor of the facility the flood damaged the supplies of medicines but on the second floor where other supplies are placed these can be used and distributed to the other department reducing the loss and continues the operations of the facility. Risk financing is paying losses that have happened it is composed of two techniques which are risk retention and risk transfer. Risk retention is taking responsibility of the potential losses which is related to the given risk and creating plans to cover the monetary consequences of that certain loss. Risk retention are usually used for loss that can’t be transferred like legal laws as well as small risk like paying for personal property damages like loss of a mobile phone, broken chair and others. Risk transfer is transferring of the financial responsibilities of the organisation to a third party like insurance companies. In selecting a solution to those losses the risk manager should determine which technique will be suited for the current risk. The risk manager should see to it that before choosing a solution he should determine which alternative has a lesser effect on the organisations normal operations and which one is cost effective for the organisation. Implement a solution Implementation of the solution is putting the plan into action. This will involve the use of the technique identified by the risk management professional which is the best to prevent further organisational loss. This technique will be assumed by other department managers within the organisation. For example if the risk manager professional identified that the best technique risk financing and risk transfer the risk manager may include selecting an insurer and creating a good insurance policy for the organisation. Monitor and review the outcomes The last step in risk management process this is to check the effectiveness of the risk management program. It is an approach done by risk managers, higher management, different department managers, and legal counsel and claim managers to evaluate the risk and its impact to various areas of the organisation. This will enable the organisation to see the flaws and further improve the risk management plan of the organisation. The evaluation is done by comparing the annual report made by the risk manager against the bench mark they have created as well as the previous annual reports in the past years. Risk assessment process is defines as an organized process for identifying and evaluating events that effects the accomplishment of objectives in a positive or negative way. These events can be related to political, legal, environmental, social and competition. It can also be an internal factor like human resource, organisational processes and infrastructure. Risk assessment like any process is made up off different steps which are: Identification of relevant business objectives Identifying events that could affect the achievement of objectives Determining risk tolerance Assessing the inherent likelihood and impact of risks Evaluating the portfolio of risk and determining risk responses Assessing residual likelihood and impacts of risks Identification of relevant business objectives Objectives are the goals that an organisation wants to achieve in order to prosper in the business world. Each organisation has its own set of objectives that may be the same or different from other organisations. Through these objectives a risk manager will be able to extract different risk that could threaten the organisation. Objectives can be constructed by using the SWOT analysis wherein it determines the strength, weakness, opportunities and threats. After the objective identification and finding out the possible risk a risk management plan can be started. Identifying events that could affect the achievement of objectives According to an organisation objective the risk managers should create an initial inventory of undertakings that may affect the accomplishment of the organisations objective. These events can be from within the organisation or from the external environment. The internal factors are organisations policies and processes, the human resource, technology and information that are taken from internal sources. Meanwhile, external factors are related to politics, economics, legal, sociological and environmental. After assessing these factors the risk manager can then categorise them as either a threat or an opportunity for the organisation. Written annual reports of internal and external factors will provide the risk manager of accurate numbers and percentage to pinpoint which threats needs immediate action. Determining risk tolerance The acceptable level of deviation comparative to the accomplishment of a specific objective of an organisation is called risk tolerance. It is a percentage or level in which a risk can be accepted by the organisation but have a certain range of limitation that could still enable an organisation to operate. Assess inherent likelihood and impact of risk In risk assessment it is part of the process to identify the events that has a potential impact on the accomplishment of the organisational objective. These events should be considered to be risk and has to be evaluated based on the chances of it to occur. It is essential that this event should be assessed on natural basis without bearing in mind the risk response that already exists. An inherent risk map should be assess by a risk manager, it is a portfolio view of risk that aides analysis and action, to determine the which risk has more effect and should be a prioritized for an immediate response. Evaluating the portfolio of risk and determining risk responses As we all know risk is inevitable it cannot be fully eliminated if an organisation wanted to have a return of investment they should take on some risk associated for their actions. Evaluating the risk portfolio will enable the risk manager and the organisation to see the impacts of the risk to the organisations objectives and goals. It will also evaluate the effectiveness of the risk response they have made and further improve if such risk arises in the future. Risk tolerance varies depending on the risk type as well as the responses to those risks so it is essential to assist the risk response and the action given and its effectiveness. Assessing residual likelihood and impacts of risks Assessing residual risk will help evaluate the effectiveness and appropriateness of the risk response if it is in within the acceptable level or within the risk tolerance of the organisation. It is assessing the internal checks and balances are still in place within the organisation. Therefore, we could see how essential risk management is to an organisations progress. Risk management is not just a simple work just to identify and provide a solution but it is a systematic and scientific way of identifying, implementing and evaluating the effects of risk to the organisation. The organisation will always face risk to be able to move and not stagnate on the current status they are in. It is a must that a risk management professional understand the organisations objective for him or her to extract and create an excellent risk management plan. It is also important to evaluate the effectiveness of the risk management plan and see to it that flaws are modified for better result in the future. Bibliography: Southern Cross University (09 October, 2014). http://scu.edu.au/risk_management/index.php/8/ Corporate compliance insight. (09 October, 2014). http://www.corporatecomplianceinsights.com/key-elements-of-the-risk-management-process/ Internal Auditor (10,October, 2014). https://iaonline.theiia.org/understanding-the-risk-management-process Health and Safety Executive (10 October, 2014). http://www.hse.gov.uk/risk/controlling-risks.htm Work and safety blogs (10 October, 2014). http://rospaworkplacesafety.com/2013/01/21/what-is-a-risk-assessment/ Southern Cross Healthcare. (10 October, 2014). https://www.southerncross.co.nz/Portals/0/Group/Insurance%20Prudential%20Supervision%20Bill%20220609.pdf

Masses Need to Create Mass Transit Essay -- Transportation, Nationwide

We consume 85 million barrels of oil daily. Nearly 6,500,000 airline operations occurred in 2009. About twenty percent of those were delayed (â€Å"Title from H2† 1). As of January 2011, the average price of a gallon of gas was $3.08, and the annual average parking costs for a vehicle in a downtown business district was $1,930 (â€Å"Rising Gas Prices† 1). All these problems have one thing in common; they can be limited, if not solved, by a nationwide mass transit system such as a bus line. Americans have been using mass transit increasingly in the past few years. The only problem is that no system exists to ferry citizens from one metropolis to another one on the other side of the country. Building a ground-based mass-transit system that connects all the cities in the United States of America will lower the demand for oil, decrease journey times to nationwide destinations, and lower transportation costs. Again, we consume 85 million barrels of oil daily. According to this value, we consume a little over 31 billion barrels of oil in a year. Out of a 42 gallon barrel of oil, nearly 19 and a half are converted into gasoline, almost half of the barrel. The average person in America uses about three gallons of gasoline daily (â€Å"Barrels of Oil a Day† 1). Therefore the average American consumes about 945 gallons of gasoline yearly. If each American uses a public bus transit system, which has an average seating capacity of fifty people per bus, then 47,250 gallons of gasoline, or about 1,125 barrels of oil, would be eliminated per bus yearly. That value is before calculating how much gasoline each bus consumes. The American Public Transit Association, or APTA, stated that if Americans used public transit for ten percent of their daily travel, the... ...power private cars, lowering our dependency, and thereby lowering the demand. Most of the weather that would affect airplane travel would not affect bus travel, thereby lowering journey times for those who experience a flight delay. Finally, a one-time pass for a bus costs an extremely less amount than gasoline and parking costs. Other reasons involving why citizens would use this system, which makes the system worth the labor and funds it would take to create it, and how the funds would be collected and used, have also been explained. We as Americans need to convince legislation to create a mass-transit system that would connect all the cities in the country, pay the taxes that will allow it to be created, and, above all other actions, ride the transit system. If we do this, we can limit, if not solve, all three problems facing the United States of America.

Research and critical reflection †Money doesn’t buy you happiness. Essay

Money doesn’t buy you happiness. Everyone has heard the statement before and most studies of happiness and well-being generally agree on it. However, even though money does not buy you happiness it is largely agreed that money can be a means to an end. Hence, money cannot buy you happiness, but it can provide you with financial security and well-being. If you asked a poor person if they were happy most will tell you they are not due to living in poor conditions and having poor health. Their need for safety and security outweighs their need for nice things and possessions. So if money does not buy you happiness what does buy you happiness? What are the factors in life that make you happy? One way to address this question could be looking at ones well-being. As such a deeper interpretation of well-being is necessary. When considering the concept of well-being, there are two major approaches, objective well-being, and subjective well-being. Objective well-being looks at how healt hy a person is and the access he has to resources. Subjective well-being on the other hand looks at the overall happiness of a person. In the same breath it is also argued that material well-being, that is the things we buy and want, does not lead to our overall happiness. Hence, money doesn’t buy you happiness. (Williams, 2014). Considering this notion that money does not buy you happiness (Myers & Diener, 1995), Kawachi and Kennedy (2002, p.30 -31) sought out to summarise the main ingredients to happiness in one’s life. They noted sex, ethnicity and age scarcely make you happy. Rather it is the relationships and community you have around you that generates levels of happiness. Furthermore, enjoying one’s work and leisure is highly correlated with happiness. On the other hand, one’s wealth and income does not have a straight correlation with happiness. Some poor people are happy, some rich people are unhappy and vice versa. Nonetheless, millions of people across the globe spend large amount of money consuming things they do not need. I myself fall victim to marketing ploys and consume materialistic things that I do not always need, but want because I believe it will make me fit in more in my community, or make me happier. People follow fashionable trends and want all the new toys that come out thinking it will make them happy. This need of people to have nice fancy things has previously been coined the â€Å"new consumerism†. Back in the day, it meant keeping up with others in your community, if your neighbour got a new flash car, you had to go get one. However, with the popularisation of television,  and later on the rise of mass media, â€Å"new consumerism† meant people were now competing all over the globe. Furthermore, as we live in a world of inequality in terms of income and wealth, the gap between what we want and what we have largely depends on our income. Schor (1998), referred to this as â€Å"the aspirational gap†. If one cannot afford something, he can either be â€Å"unhappy† dealing with not having that product/want, or he chooses to take on debt in order to afford it and have it then and there; thus having to work more to cover the debt and the cycle conti nues. So if we look at happiness as the â€Å"difference between what we have and what we want we suddenly become unhappy† (Williams, 2014, p.5). Largely, I agree with the statement the money does not buy you happiness. By society’s standards I am definitely not a rich man but I consider myself to live a moderately happy life; largely due to the fact that I am healthy, I have good friends and a loving family. According to several scholars (Benin & Nierstedt, 1985, Inglehart, 1990, Myers, 2000) it is indeed our social relationships that generate the highest levels of happiness. With that said, I still consume certain things, materialistic things, and go to certain places in order to construct my social identity. I want things in order to fit in or get praise from my peers. According to many scholars however this does not lead to my well-being but rather to unhappiness. This draws back to the â€Å"aspirational gap†, if I cannot afford to look a certain way or buy certain things and keep up with the times do I ultimately become unhappy? Personally I would like to say it does not apply to me, but reflecting back to Schor’s (1998) study, it appears to point in that direction. As such, I do agree with the concept more so as a lot of people around me become unhappy when they cannot afford something they want. Or become unhappy because they got themselves into debt due to their unnecessary consumptions. Maslow (1943) devised a theory of motivation which attempted to explain the hierarchical nature of people’s well-being. Firstly it is our basic psychological needs like hunger and thirst that we have to satisfy. Next, it is our needs for security and protection, followed by our need for social bonds and love. The last two steps are ones self-esteem and self-actualisation. This is a very hierarchical view which means once a certain level has been satisfied one seeks to satisfy the next until you reach to the top – self actualisation. This will explain why people become unhappy when they cannot afford  something – reach self-actualisation. Moreover, identities are fluid. I constantly consume new trends, go to new places, and change my habits to fit society’s norms. Social psychology attributes this to people’s nature to conform. One study by Asch (1952, ci ted in Bond & Smith, 1996) shows the tendency of people to conform to the majority even when the outcome is clearly wrong. I agree with this as I buy certain clothes and go to certain places because I want to fit in with my surroundings. Zaichkowsky (1994) claims that peoples involvement with a product depends on a person apparent relevance of a product based on his inherent needs and values. Hence my values stem from my surroundings and my need for a product comes from my need to fit in to my surroundings. A lot of the above-mentioned concepts discussed were first investigated after WWII and throughout the 20th century. However, as the world is constantly evolving and changing do these outlooks on happiness and well-being still apply today? Have they gotten any better or worse? Early studies showed an increase in mental disorders and divorces throughout the late 20th century, as well as the increase need of people for bigger and better things. A study by Helliwell, Layard, and Sachs (2012) found that on average rich people are happier than poor people. However, they found that a country’s economic growth does not indicate an increase in the overall happiness of its people. This is simply due to the fact that once people reach a comfortable/secure level of income; further increase of it does not generate higher levels of happiness. Moreover, they found unemployment is highly correlated with low levels of well-being, whilst being employed – and satisfied with your job – was correlated with higher levels of well-being. Finally, they noted in Maslow’s pyramid of human needs, love and belonging come just after basic physiological and safety needs. Clearly, the sources of individual happiness include the set of social interactions through which individuals are interconnected.† (p.70). The aforementioned trends discussed appear to be in line with the current state of New Zealand. Helliwell et. al. (2012) found New Zealand ranked as the 13th happiest country in the world. This was attributed due to a low unemployment rate (6.2%), divorce number down (stats.govt.nz), and ranking high on education as well as freedom. (Helman, 2013). However, when looking at the top 50 richest countries in the world (aneki.com) New Zealand does not even make an appearance. However, it is safe to assume that new  consumerism and the â€Å"aspirational gap† still apply to New Zealand as the countries spending ($2,578 million) is higher than its GDP ($211,678 million). (stats.govt.nz). It certainly appears that money does not buy you happiness. Rather being poor is correlated with low levels of well-being. Money in itself can provide a person with security, but increased income does not appear to have an effect on overall happiness. Looking at Maslow’s theory, a person could have all the money in the world but if they are alone and do not have a loving community of friends and family to share it with they are almost always going to be unhappy. Rather, happiness is determined by a large number of factors with an emphasis on basic needs such as food and water, as well as friendships and belonging to a loving community. Consumption of materialistic objects and the aspiration for more money negatively affects our well-being. References Benin, M.H. and B.C. Nierstedt: 1985, ‘Happiness in single- and dual- earner families: The effects of marital happiness’, job satisfaction and life cycle, Journal of Marriage and the Family 47, pp. 975–984. Bond, R. & Smith, P. B. (1996). Culture and conformity: a meta-analysis of studies using asch’s (1952b, 1956) line judgment task. Psychological Bulletin, 119(1), 111–137. Maslow, Abraham H. 1943 â€Å"A theory of human motivation.† Psychological Review, 50: 370-396. Helliwell, J., Layard, R., & Sachs, J. (2012). World Happiness Report. Centre for Economic Performance. The Earth Institute Columbia University. Helman, C. (2013). The world’s happiest (And Saddest) countries. – http://www.forbes.com/sites/christopherhelman/2013/10/29/the-worlds-happiest-and-saddest-countries-2013/ Inglehart, R.: 1990, Culture Shift in Advanced Industrial Society (Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ). Myers, D.G.: 2000, ‘The funds, frie nds and faith of happy people’, American Psychologist 55(1), pp. 56–67. Myers, D. G. & Diener, E. (1995). Who is happy? Psychological Science, 6(1), 10–19. Offer, A. (2006). The challenge of affluence: self-control and well-being in the United States. Williams, J. (2014) Consumption and Well-being. Chapter 12. P. 104 – 127. Zaichkowsky, J. L. (1994). The personal involvement inventory: reduction, revision, and application to advertising. Journal of Advertising, 23(4), 59–69.

The Profitability Liquidity And Credit Risk Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1497 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? The chapter will discuss aspects of research methodology applied in this study. It will also discuss on the data collection method and other statistics tool that will be used in evaluating the performance of the banks. This study will use descriptive financial analysis to describe, measure, compares, and classifies the financial solutions of Malaysian banks. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Profitability Liquidity And Credit Risk Finance Essay" essay for you Create order To evaluating banks performance, this study uses a ratio measure that is not a new method in the literature. The use of ratio method has many advantages and the most important benefit is that it compensates bank disparities. Banking firms are not equivalent with respect to sizes. The ratio removes the disparities in sizes and brings them at par. In order to examine whether there is a difference in performance between Islamic banks and conventional banks of Malaysia, equality of mean test is performed. The equality of mean test used for comparing statistics from two or more samples of numeric data drawn from two or more populations is most widely used in the literature of performance and the typical text in statistics. The hypothesis is that the performance ratios are normally distributed. The null hypothesis of the equality of mean for the conventional banks and Islamic banks is tested against not equality of mean. Dependent variable The dependent variable for this research is performance Islamic banks comparable to conventional banks in Malaysia, coded 1 if a performance Islamic bank is at par with the conventional banks and 0 otherwise. Independent variable The independent variable for this research is comprising (1) profitability performance, (2) liquidity performance and (3) credit risk performance that will influence the overall performance Islamic banks comparable to conventional banks of Malaysia. 3.3 Data collection In this study, the performance of Islamic banks in Malaysia is compared with the conventional banks. The data for financial ratios are obtained from the respective banks annual report each year for 10 years from the period 2002 until 2011 of the both Islamic and conventional banks (include foreign banks). Therefore, the growth rate of the banks are measured based on 2011 as the base year consist of : Local full-fledge Islamic banks Bank under this category is classified as standalone Islamic commercial banks established with no relationship with conventional bank either as tha parent or subsidiary company, such as, Bank Islam and Bank Muamalat. Local Islamic subsidiary banks Islamic subsidiary banks are those banks that have been established after the migration of conventional banks with Islamic bank windows into a full licensed of Islamic bank status. Foreign banks (both conventional and Islamic) Foreign banks are those foreign players that have been granted a li cense by BNM to established financial institutions in Malaysia. The data employed is obtained from the annual reports of respective banks. All data for Islamic subsidiary banks are taken from the annual report of the parent bank is annual report is not available, that is prior to establishment of standalone Islamic banks. 3.4 Sample The sample banks for this study are forty three (43) banks (include foreign banks) comprising two (2) full-fledge Islamic banks, other fourteen (14) Islamic banks and twenty seven (27) conventional banks. The unavailability of audited financial statements of some banks limits us to use bank population for analysis. 3.5 Performance measures This study uses internal factors for those related to items of balance sheet and income statement of banks and well within the control of the bank management. After examining the income statement and balance sheet of Islamic banks and conventional commercial banks of Malaysia, this study utilizes seven financial ratios for evaluating the financial performance of Islamic versus conventional of bank of Malaysia. These financial measures of performance are placed under three categories as given below: Profitability Performance Liquidity Performance Credit (loan) Risk Performance Profitability performance There are some financial measures for evaluating profitability performance of a firm. This study uses the following three basic. They are: Return on Assets (ROA) = profit after tax/total assets ROA is a superior indicator of a banks financial performance and managerial effectiveness. It shows how proficient the management is in allocating asset into net profit. The higher the ROA, the higher the financial performance or profitability of the banks. Return on Equity (ROE) = profit after tax/equity It shows a rate return on base capital, i.e., equity capital. The higher the ROE, the more efficient is the performance. Cost to Income (CTI) = total cost/total income. Cost incurred per ringgit generation of income or in other words, income generated per ringgit cost. It is indeed considered to be one of the best indices for measuring economic efficiency or profit performance. The lower the CTI ratio, the better is the profitability performance of a bank. Liquidity performance Liquidity is the life of a commercial bank. Liquidity means cash availability: how quickly a bank can convert its assets into cash at face value to meet the cash demands of the depositors and borrowers. The higher the amount of liquid asset for a bank, the greater is the liquidity of the bank. Among the various liquidity measures, this study uses the following: Cash Deposit Ratio (CDR) = cash/deposit. Cash in a bank vault is the most liquid asset of bank, therefore, when withdrawal exceeds new deposit significantly over a short period, banks will get into liquidity problem. Bank with higher CDR is relatively more liquid than a bank which has lower CDR, thus enhance depositors trust. Loan Deposit Ratio (LDR) = loan/deposit. It indicates the percentage of the total deposit locked into non-liquid asset. The higher the LDR, the higher is the liquidity risk. Credit risk performance Three financial ratios are used for measuring loan/credit risk performance of a bank. These are: Equity to Asset ratio (EQTA) = common equity/assets. It measures equity capital as a percentage of total assets. EQTA provides percentage protection afforded by banks to its investment in asset. It measures the overall shock absorbing capacity of a bank for potential loan asset losses. The higher the ratio of EQTA, the greater is the capacity for a bank to sustain the assets losses. Equity to Net Loan ratio (EQL) = total equity/net loans. It measures equity capital as a percentage of total net loans. EQL provides equity as a cushion (protection) available to absorb loan losses. The higher the ratio of EQL, the higher is the capacity for a bank in absorbing loan losses. T-test analysis A  t-test  is any  statistical hypothesis test  in which the  test statistic  follows a  students  t  distribution  if the  null hypothesis  is supported. In order to examine whether there is a different in performance between Islamic banks and conventional banks of Malaysia, t-test is performed for all financial ratios. The assumption is that the performance ratios are normally distributed. The t-value is an indication the probability that both selected samples have the same mean and that differences in the sample means are due to fluctuation. As the t-value gets smaller (approaches zero) the probability that sample means ate the same gets larger. As the t-value gets larger (in either the positive or negative direction) the probability that sample means are the same gets smaller. Whereby: n = sample size s ² = variance = sample mean df = degree of freedom subscript1 = sample from Islamic banks subscript2 = sample from conventional ban ks Since t-value is used to determine whether there are significant differences between two groups, the comparison is made between conventional banks and each category of Islamic banks. Regression analysis In  statistics,  regression analysis  includes a lot of techniques for modeling and analyzing several variables, when the focus is on the relationship between a  dependent variable  and one or more  independent variables. Regression equation : ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ · = a + bx Once you have the regression equation, using it is a snap. Choose a value for the independent variable (x), perform the computation, and you have an estimated value (ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ·) for the dependent variable. Regression model : ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ·Islamic = a + bx1 + bx2 + bx3 ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ·Conventional = a + bx1 + bx2 + bx3 Whole model : ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ·Malaysian banks = a + b1PROFITABILITY + b2LIQUIDITY + b3CREDIT RISK Whereby : ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ · = performance of banks (each and both) (dv) a = a constant terms bx1 = profitability performance (iv1) bx2 = liquidity performance (iv2) bx3 = credit risk performance (iv3) Regression analysis is also used to understand which among the independent variables are related to the dependent variable, and to explore the forms of these relationships. In restricted circumstances, regression analysis can be used to infer  causal relationships  between the independent and dependent variables. All these method can be identified by using SPSS to see the result of every method one by one. Regression analysis includes a few techniques for modeling and analyzing several variables, when the focus is on the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables (Keller, 2008). 3.6 Chapter summary This chapter contains a description of the research methodology that will be used in this study. Furthermore, the research design and method, sampling, data collection method and the types of analysis to be used are also discussed. The results of the study as well as the conclusions to be drawn from the findings will be constructed in the next two chapters.